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Sinusitis
Overview
Sinusitis is inflammation of sinuses that occurs in sinus mucosa. Sinuses are hollow spaces within the bones surrounding the nose produces mucus which drains into the nose. It causes dull/ constant, aching pain over the frontal/ maxillary sinus with tender overlying skin. Pain is worsened on bending over.
In Ayurveda, sinusitis is commonly known as Jeerna Pratishyaya. It occurs due to abnormalities/ raging occur in vata/pittaa/kapha/ rakta doshas.
Signs and symptoms:
- Fever
- General weakness.
- Fatigue
- Cough
- Congestion
- Heaviness of head
- Postnasal drip
- watery eyes.
- facial tenderness.
- sore throat
- Itching, sneezing.
- occasionally facial swelling.
- postnasal drainage/ hyposmia/anosmia.
- pressure/ pain in the sinuses/ ears/ teeth.
- sinus headaches/pus like nasal discharge.
When to see your doctor for sinus infection (sinusitis)?
When repeated signs and symptoms occur in sinuses especially headaches, breathing difficulties, fatigue, weakness, itching, sneezing for longer duration, then you should consult doctor.
When to see your doctor for sinus infection (sinusitis)?
- Allergies/ bacterial infection.
- Pollutants
- Nasal problems(DNS)
- tissue irrritants such as OTC nasal sprays/ cocaine/ cigarette smoke.
- tumor growth
- dehydration
- smoking/ swimming/ diving.
- polyps growth.
- air pressure/ temperature changes.
- viral infections.
Risk factors
- allergic rhinitis
- aspirin sensitivity
- asthma
- nasal polyps
- anatomic abnormalities
- non-allergic rhinitis
- tumor obstruction
- cystic fibrosis
- immunologic disorders
- smoking
- environmental irritants/ pollutants
- gastroesophageal reflux disease
- significant dental disease
- systemic diseases
Prevention
- Bathe your nasal passages daily: Run water gently into the nasal passages to help clear excess mucus and moisten membranes.
- Drink lots of water: Good hydration helps keep the mucus thin and loose.
- Inhale steam.
- Avoid dry environment and atmosphere.
- Sleep with head elevated.
- Blow nose gently, like one nostril at a time.
- Avoid antihistamines unless prescribed.
- Avoid nasal sprays use without prescription.
Diagnosis
- By examine tenderness in nose & face & inside nose and doctor will make the diagnosis based on the physical exam.
- Nasal endoscopy
- Imaging studies like CT- scan/ X-ray.
- Nasal & sinus samples.
- Allergy testing
General tips
- Decoction prepared from Dashamula & Trikatu with honey can be taken.
- Rubbing sore sinuses with warm palms will bring a fresh supply of blood to the area.
- Press your thumbs firmly on either side of your nose & hold it for 15-30 seconds.
- surya namaskara
- take steam by using menthol/ camphor/ eucalyptus oil to the water
- chicken soup
- warm & cold compresses draped across your nose/ cheeks/ forehead for three minutes with repetition of 2-3 times.
- neti pot use found effective
- drink a lot of fluids to thin your mucus.
- while sleeping prop yourself up with a couple of pillows, elevation can help you breathe more comfortably.
- use a humidifier/ vaporizer in room to add moisture to the air and reduce congestion.
- vitamin c intake.
What to avoid ?
- day sleep
- cold drinks
- oily foods
- eliminate meat/ dairy products/ white flour foods/ sugar
- stop using nasal drops unnecessarily as they aggravate the condition by stopping the drainage & hardening the mucous.
- Decongestants should be avoided as they can increase blood pressure too.
- Avoid cold/ damp living/ working/ sleeping quarters.
- avoid smoking
- refined sugar
- avoid gluten food
- avoid chocolate/ cheese/congestion food
What to eat ?
- light diet
- ginger treated water for drinking.
- Decoction prepared from Dashamula & Trikatu with honey can be taken.
- neti pot use found effective
- drink a lot of fluids to thin your mucus.
- Drink lots of water : Good hydration helps keep the mucus thin and loose.
- vitamin c intake in your daily diet.
FAQ's
What are Sinuses?
Sinuses are hollow spaces in the bones around the nose that connect to the nose through small/ narrow channels. The sinuses stay healthy only when the channels are open and allows air from the nose to enter the sinuses and mucus made in the sinuses to drain into the nose.
What is Sinusitis?
Generally sinusitis occur when viruses/ bacteria infect the sinuses & begin to multiply and as a result of this part of the body’s reaction to the infection causes the sinus lining to swell, blocking the channels that drain the sinuses, this cause mucus/ pus to fill up the nose and sinus cavities.
What are the different types of Sinusitis?
Sinusitis are classified in various ways based on duration/ type of inflammation/etc. Some common types are:
- Acute sinus infection/ acute sinusitis/ acute bacterial rhinosinusitis usually lasts less than 3-5 days.
- Subacute sinus infection, lasts 1-3 months.
- Chronic sinus infection, > 3 months ( nasal polyps/ allergic fungal sinusitis)
- Recurrent sinusitis, attacks every year.
Infected sinusitis, usually caused by a viral infection/ bacterial/ fungal infection. Non-infected sinusitis is caused by irritants/ allergic conditions.
Which test usually diagnose the cause of sinus infections/ sinusitis?
It is most commonly diagnosed on the history and examination of a patient and often examine by some physical findings which includes redness and swelling of the nasal passages, purulent(=pus like) drainage from the nasal passages/ tenderness to percussion/ by examining swelling around the eyes and cheeks/ needle aspiration.
How can I tell if my sinusitis is caused by viruses or bacteria?
Acute viral sinusitis is likely if you have been sick less than 10 days /not getting much worse. Acute bacterial sinusitis is likely when you do not improve at all within 10 days of getting sick/ get worse within 10 days after beginning to get better.
What are the key benefits of Jal Neti procedure for Sinusitis treatment?
Nasal irrigation/ jal neti has been found effective in reducing symptoms of acute to chronic sinus congestions. It mainly helps to clean respiratory system and considered one of the six purification procedures. It helps to clean your nasal passage. This procedure is basically comes under Ayurveda line of treatment and involves pouring water in one nostril & flushing it out from the other nostril which helps to keep your nasal passage clean, consequently keep the respiratory tract clear of dirt & toxins.
Which pathogens cause acute viral rhinosinusitis?
Vast majority are caused by viral infection. Upper respiratory tract infections are caused by rhinovirus, but coronavirus/ influenza A and B/ parainfluenza/ adenovirus /respiratory syncytial virus/ enterovirus are also some causative agents.
Which disease according to Ayurveda consider similar to Sinusitis?
In Ayurveda, sinusitis is commonly known as Jeerna Pratishyaya. It occurs due to abnormalities/ raging occur in vata/pittaa/kapha/ rakta doshas.
Which Yoga therapies found effective for controlling Sinusitis?
Pranayama yoga procedures such as nadi-shodhana(alternate breathing)/ surya bhedana. Asanas such as viparitakarni (inverted posture)/ surya namaskara/ shavasana yogas found effective for controlling sinusitis.
How Ayurveda treatment works best to get relieve from sinusitis?
Ayurveda line of treatment basically works on the shodahana and shamana procedures along with the pathya and apathya diets. Some principles of treatment include shodhana/ kaphahara/ shirovirechana/ teekshana dhoomapana. Panchakarma treatment include snehana/ abhyanga/ bashpa sveda/ vamana/shirovirechana. Shamana treatment include some ayurveda drug formulations and naimittika rasayana yog.