Indian System Of Medicines

यरुशलम। इजरायल के शोधकर्ताओं ने पाया है कि कोरोनावायरस का सबसे बड़ा कारण सार्स-सीओवी-2 मानव प्रतिरक्षा प्रणाली को नुकसान पहुंचाता है। इसकी जानकारी सोमवार को दक्षिणी इजरायल में बेन-गुरियन यूनिवर्सिटी (बीजीयू) ने दी। समाचार एजेंसी सिन्हुआ की रिपोर्ट के अनुसार, आईसाइंस जर्नल में प्रकाशित एक आनुवंशिक अध्ययन में, बीजीयू के शोधकर्ताओं ने यह पता लगाने की कोशिश की है कि कोरोनावायरस के रफ्तार से फैलने का कारण क्या है, जो प्रतिरक्षा प्रणाली के बावजूद भी फैल रहा है। इसका पता लगाने के लिए उन्होंने दुनिया भर के संक्रमितों में कम्प्यूटेशनल जीव विज्ञान, जीन एक्सप्रेशन का उपयोग करते हुए एक साल के लिए विश्लेषण किया। टीम ने जांच के दौरान देखा कि क्या माइटोकॉन्ड्रिया, ऊर्जा पैदा करने वाले कोशिका अंग, कोरोना के दौरान क्षतिग्रस्त हो जाते हैं, जिसके कारण शरीर सही ढंग से फंक्शन नहीं कर पाता है। शोधकर्ताओं ने फेफड़ों की कोशिकाओं के माइटोकॉन्ड्रिया के बजाय प्रतिरक्षा प्रणाली की कोशिकाओं के माइटोकॉन्ड्रिया के नुकसान की पहचान की। शोधकर्ताओं ने कहा कि प्रतिरक्षा कोशिकाओं में माइटोकॉन्ड्रियल क्षति 'साइटोकाइन स्टॉर्म' की व्याख्या करती है। यह प्रतिरक्षा प्रणाली की प्रतिक्रिया है, जो बुखार, सूजन और अत्यधिक थकान जैसे लक्षणों के साथ दिखाई देती है। उन्होंने, "परिणामों के आधार पर, माइटोकॉन्ड्रिया को लक्षित करने के लिए मौजूदा उपचारों का उपयोग करना संभव है और इस प्रकार संक्रमितों की स्थिति में सुधार होता है।"

A total of 404982 formulations including 117205 in Ayurveda, 233801 in Unani, 47210 in Siddha, 4070 in Yoga and 2696 in Sowa Rigpa have been transcribed so far into the Traditional Knowledge Digital Library (TKDL) database. TKDL is a pioneering initiative of the Council of Scientific & Industrial Research jointly with the Ministry of Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy (AYUSH) in 2001 to prevent exploitation and to protect Indian traditional knowledge at Patent Offices worldwide. The TKDL was initiated as a sequel to the efforts taken by India to successfully revoke the turmeric and basmati patents granted by United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) and neem patent granted by European Patent Office (EPO). The TKDL includes India’s rich traditional knowledge related to the systems of medicine from classical/ traditional books related to Ayurveda, Unani, Siddha and Sowa Rigpa as well as practices of Yoga. The information from the ancient texts of medicine and health existing in local languages such as Sanskrit, Hindi, Arabic, Persian, Urdu, Tamil, Bhoti, etc. have been digitized in five international languages, namely, English, French, German, Spanish and Japanese in the TKDL database as prior art. As per the extant approvals in place, access to the database is given to patent offices worldwide that have signed non-disclosure access agreements with the CSIR. Fourteen patent offices including the Indian Patent Office (Controller General of Patents, Designs & Trade Marks), European Patent Office, US Patent Office, Japanese Patent Office, German Patent Office, Canadian Patent Office, Chile Patent Office, Australian Patent Office, UK Patent Office, Malaysian Patent Office, Russian Patent Office, Peru Patent Office, Spanish Patent & Trademark Office and Danish Patent & Trademark Office have been granted access to the TKDL database. The CSIR-TKDL Unit also files third party observations and pre-grant oppositions on patent applications related to our traditional knowledge based on the TKDL evidence. So far, 245 patent applications have been either withdrawn/deemed withdrawn or amended or set aside on the basis of TKDL evidence thus protecting Indian traditional knowledge. TKDL is implemented through projects under CSIR. The amount allocated for TKDL during FY 2021-22 is ₹ 1141.350 lakh. The protection of IPR is an inevitable part of the MoUs signed by the Ministry of Ayush in the autonomous bodies (under the Ministry) with foreign institutions. The CSIR-TKDL Unit, Delhi has signed a Non-Disclosure Agreement with the National Biodiversity Authority for evaluating and identifying modalities for possible inclusion of information from the PBR into the TKDL database. No factual/ quantitative information is available in respect of thousands of patients who have been registered throughout the world by stealing the formulae of traditional Indian Systems of Medicines. This information was given by Minister of Ayush Shri Sarbananda Sonowal in a written reply in Lok Sabha today. Read More► Tackling Malnutrition Using Traditional Medicines

Recently a research report on AYUSH Sector has been published by Forum on Indian Traditional Medicine (FITM) under Research and Information system for developing country (RIS), which is an autonomous policy research institute at New Delhi. As per the report, the current turnover of Indian AYUSH industry is US$ 18.1 billion and the market size of Indian AYUSH industry as a whole, has grown by 17 per cent during 2014-2020. The total AYUSH & herbal medicines export of India has increased from US$ 1.09 billion in 2014 to US$ 1.54 billion in 2020, registering a robust growth rate of 5.9 per cent annually. The Ministry of Ayush, Government of India has developed a Central Sector Scheme for Promotion of International Co-operation in AYUSH (IC Scheme) with the mandate to promote and strengthen awareness and interest about AYUSH Systems of Medicine at international level to facilitate International promotion, development and recognition of AYUSH system of medicine to foster interaction of stakeholders and market development of AYUSH at international level to give boost to AYUSH  products/services/education/research/ training globally to promote academics and research through establishment of AYUSH Academic Chairs in foreign countries setting up of AYUSH Information Cell abroad to disseminate authentic information about Ayush system in the foreign communities etc. Under the AYUSH Fellowship program of the IC scheme, 104 scholarships are offered every year to the eligible foreign nationals from 101 countries for pursuing AYUSH courses in premier Institutes in India. Ministry has signed 14 MoUs for setting up AYUSH Academic Chairs with foreign Universities/institutes under which AYUSH experts are deputed to undertake teaching/training/research activities. Various multilateral forums like G 20, BIMSTEC, BRICS, IBSA, SCO etc. are being effectively utilized to get global recognition to Ayurveda and other AYUSH systems. Ministry of Ayush has signed an agreement with London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (LSH&TM), UK for conducting the study on “Ashwagandha for promoting recovery from Covid-19 in the UK”. Ministry of Ayushhas also signed an agreement with Frankfurter Innovationszentrum Biotechnologie GmbH (FIZ), Frankfurt Germany for conducting Collaborative Research study on Guduchyadi tablets in combating COVID-19 infection- In-vitro & in-vivo study. This information was given by Minister of Ayush Shri Sarbananda Sonowal in a written reply in Lok Sabha today. Read More► Action Plan to Standardise Product of Ayush and Its Manufacturing Process

Ministry of AYUSH has taken note of misleading advertisements pertaining to Ayurveda, Unani, Siddha and Homoeopathy (ASU&H) drugs, treatments and related services. Drugs and Magic Remedies (Objectionable Advertisements) Act, 1954 and Rules thereunder encompass the provisions for prohibition of misleading advertisements and exaggerated claims of drugs and medicinal substances including AYUSH medicines. As per Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940 and Rules 1945 and the Drugs and Magic Remedies (Objectionable Advertisements) Act, 1954 the concerned State Government has the powers to enforce the provisions under the said Act and Rules. Accordingly, directives have been issued to the States/UTs for appointing Officers to enter, search any premises or examine or seize any record related to the alleged misleading or improper advertisements and initiate action against the cases of default. Ministry of AYUSH is implementing a Central Sector Scheme of Pharmacovigilance of ASU&H Drugs, which aims at inculcating the reporting culture among the consumers as well as ASU&H practitioners. Besides monitoring and reporting adverse drug reactions the present pharmacovigilance scheme also undertake surveillance and reporting of objectionable or misleading advertisements of ASU&H drugs for regulatory actions. During the period from August 2018 to June 2021, 14876 instances of misleading advertisements of ASU&H drugs have been reported by the Pharmacovigilance centres, which were forwarded to the respective State/UT authorities, media channels and the manufacturers for taking prohibitive and regulatory action. Department of Consumer Affairs, Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food & Public Distribution, maintains a Grievance Against Misleading Advertisement (GAMA) portal wherein anyone can register their complaints pertaining to misleading advertisements. Officer from Ministry of AYUSH is also assigned as nodal officer for handling the complaints related to AYUSH products and services registered under this portal. For the period from April, 2015 to January, 2018 about 809 such complaints pertaining to AYUSH (including herbal) products and services were registered on the portal. Total Complaints which have been resolved are about 274 and about 585 such complaints were forwarded by Ministry of AYUSH to concerned state authority for taking appropriate action. The misleading advertisements received on the GAMA portal of about 268 advertisements in the year 2019-20 and 339 advertisements in the year 2020-21 have been forwarded to the respective State Licensing Authorities for taking appropriate action as per extant rules.             Further, in the year 2017-18 and 2018-19,Ministry of AYUSH in order to address the veracity of misleading advertisements with respect to ASU&H drugs had signed a MoU with Advertising Standards Council of India (ASCI) for suomoto monitoring of such advertisements made in print and electronic media and bring complaints and defaulters to the notice of State Government for necessary action. Media regulators have also been approached to prevent the publication of inappropriate advertisements promoting sale of Ayurvedic and other such medicines in public interest. On this account, Ministry of Information & Broadcasting issued instructions/guidelines to all media channels to abstain from publishing and telecasting such misleading advertisements, which are in contravention of provisions of the Drugs and Magic Remedies (Objectionable Advertisements) Act, 1954 and Rules thereunder. Ministry of AYUSH issued an Advisory dated 31.08.2018 to the drug manufactures and the advertising agencies to refrain from using the name of Government Departments or Institutions in the advertisements of ASU & H Drugs. Also, Caution has been issued in November 2018 in leading newspapers for general public to not to fall prey to fake calls and advertisements of ASU & H Drugs. With the enforcement of these steps the advertisers have corrected or withdrawn the improper advertisements. This information was given by Minister of Ayush Shri Sarbananda Sonowal in a written reply in Lok Sabha today. Read More► Ministry of Ayush Issues Fresh Recommendations for ‘Holistic Health and Well Being’