Ayurveda

The 4th edition of the Global Ayurveda Festival (GAF 2021), to be held on the virtual platform from March 12 to 19 has evinced response far above expectations, superseding its previous episodes.  The event will have “more than 10,000 participants from sixty nations converging on Ayurveda, the Global Ayurveda Festival 2021 will be a milestone in the academic, research, industrial and commercial sectors”, says V. Muraleedharan, Organizing Committee Chair of the Global Ayurveda Festival and Union Minister of State for External Affairs and Parliamentary Affairs. Of the 2000 scientific papers received for presentations, the organizing committee –due to time and technical constraints - had to restrict live presentations to 650, picking another 500 in posters with equal prominence. Internationally acclaimed researches on Ayurveda, like Dr. Daniel E. Fost (Professor of Medicine, University of California) Dr Christian Kessler (Charity University, Germany) Robert Schneider (Maharshi International University, USA), Dr Antonella Delifev MD (University of Milan); Dr. Valdis Pirax (University of Latvia) Philip Moss (University of Vienna), Ph.D. Dr Morton Bode (University of Amsterdam); Susan Shaw (New Zealand Vocal University); And foreign experts such as Large Louis Bera (Argentina) will be sharing their research experiments with the audience, with special emphasis in the post-COVID scenario. The approach and initiatives of the Government of India will be deliberated by key researches and policy makers of the nation that include: Dr. B. Dr. M. Headhey (Former President, Indian National Academy of Sciences); Vaidya Rajesh Kotecha (Central AYUSH Secretary), Dr. Bhushan Patwardhan (Vice Chairman- UGC); Manoj Nesari ,Dr. DC Catoch (Advisors to the Ministry of AYUSH), Dr. KS Dhiman (Director, CCRAS, New Delhi), Jayant Deo Pujari (President,  CCIM ); Dr. Anoop B Thakur (Vice Chancellor, Gujarat Ayurveda University); Dr. Sanjeev Sharma (Director, NIA, Jaipur); Dr. Anoop Srivastava (Director, Rastriya Ayurveda Vidhyapith, Delhi), Dr. Tanuja Manoj Nesari (Director, AIIA,  Delhi); Dr. J L N Shastri (CEO, NMPB, Delhi), Dr. MRV Namboothiri (Formerly DAME, Kerala), Ranjith Puranik (Mumbai), Dr. Mohammad Majeed (Sami Labs), Anand Chaudhary (Banaras University) and Abhimanyu Kumar (former Director, AIIA, New Delhi) will also present research papers at the festival. 'GAF 2021 will undoubtedly be the largest virtual conference on Ayurveda', says Dr. G.G. Gangadharan, Secretary General, CISSA. ‘The 8 days Ayurveda Fest will debate on the research potential and business opportunities and scope for exports of Ayurveda products and services for 12 hours each day,’ he said. The Global Ayurveda Meet is organized in collaboration with more than 30 organizations in the country from the Central and State Private Sectors and 14 organizations from abroad, including Led by the Center for Innovation in Science and Social Action (CISSA), the Ayurveda Medical Association of India (AMAI), the Ayurveda Hospital Management Association, the Ayurveda Drugs Manufacturers Association, and the Kisma-Self Financing Management Association, and The Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industries (FICCI) is the industry partner of the festival. Also, Read in Hindi► ग्लोबल आयुर्वेद फेस्टिवल 12 से 19 मार्च तक, 60 से अधिक देशों के विद्वान होंगे शामिल

Diarrhoea is the passage of three/ more loose/ liquid stools per day/more frequently than normal for an individual. From the clinical point of view, diarrhea means increased stool water, and this increases stool frequency and the passage of liquid stool. Diarrhea in Ayurveda According to Ayurveda, Diarrhoea is commonly known as Atisara. It occurs due to intake of causing factors which results in agnimandya mainly jathragni due to which ama dosha (Kapha) increases and vata prakopa occurs due to which strotodushti in poorishvaha and udakavaha occurs and increase of more loose or liquid stools comes out. Types of Atisara - a/c to Acharya Charak Vataja  Pittaja Kaphaja Sannipataja Aagantuka Symptoms of Diarrhea Loose/watery stool Abdominal cramps Fever Abdominal pain Blood/ mucus in the stool Abdominal bloating Nausea Frequent bowel movements When to See Your Doctor for Diarrhoea Disease? When diarrhea persists beyond a few days and the body starts dehydrating with severe abdominal/ rectal pain/bloody/black stools/weight loss/fever above 102 degrees F, then you should consult the doctor immediately. Causes of Diarrhea Food intolerance/lactose intolerance Food allergy Contaminated water Adverse reaction to a medication Viral/ bacterial infection Intestinal disease Parasitic infection Gallbladder/stomach surgery Childhood cause - Rotavirus Bacterial infection - salmonella/E.coli Food poisoning Stress/indigestion due to mal-absorption Acc. To Ayurveda- ajirnashana, adhyashana, ati-drava, ati ruksha ahara, dushita anna, etc. Prevention of Diarrhoea Safe drinking water Improved sanitation Hand washes with antiseptic soap/solutions Good personal hygiene/food hygiene Health education about the spread of infections Vaccinations Use of ORS (Oral Rehydration Solution) Nutrient-rich foods in case of malnutrition Consult a doctor in case of persistent diarrhea Diagnosis of Diarrhoea Physical examination of the abdomen Some general questions for the diagnosis will ask by the doctor like current medications/past medical history/family history/travel history/any other medical conditions Signs of dehydration Tests for diarrhoea include-CBC/liver function test/tests for malabsorption/ ESR/C-reactive protein/antibodies test/stool tests Colonoscopy X-Ray/CT- scan- to rule out structural abnormalities associated General Tips Drink clear liquids - water/broth/fruit juice Stay hydrated Replenishing water loss is important Avoid milk, it can make diarrhea worsen Intake of ORS ( Oral Rehydration Solution)/Electrolytes fluid  Consume (Sugar+salt+water ) BRAT diet -( banana/ rice/applesauce/toast) can be taken Avoid junk foods/alcoholic beverages Chamomile tea Avoid strenuous exercises What to Avoid? Heavy/hard/cold/hot/spicy and oily foods Avoid milk Fatty/fried foods Raw fruits and vegetables Spicy foods Beans/cabbage Caffeinated drinks Alcoholic beverages Avoid junk foods Avoid strenuous exercises Excessive workouts High-fat foods Greasy foods/spicy foods Artificial sweeteners/high levels of fructose foods What to Eat? Vilepi ( rice gruel), laaja manda, rice washed water ( avoid contamination with pesticides) Rice+curd/rice + buttermilk Masoor/ aadhaki yoosha Coconut water frequent drinking Deepana and laghu guna diets Pectin rich foods such as fruit Electrolytes food- miso-soup, sports drinks Cooked/ soft vegetables Taking probiotics Chamomile tea BRAT( banana/rice/applesauce/toast) diet Drink plenty of fluids to avoid dehydration Question & Answer Q.1 How much serious is Diarrhoea disease in children? Ans. Diarrhoeal disease is the second leading cause of death in children under 5 years, also kills around 525000 children under five. Globally, there are nearly 1.7 billion cases of childhood diarrhoeal disease every year according to data collected. Q.2 What are the different types of Diarrhoea? Ans. Different types of Diarrhoea include - 1) On the basis of duration:- Acute Diarrhoea, Chronic Diarrhoea. 2) On the basis of clinical presentation:- Acute watery diarrhea, Acute Bloody Diarrhoea. 3) On the basis of Physiology:- secretory diarrhea, osmotic diarrhea, exudative diarrhea, motility related, inflammatory diarrhea. Q.3 How does Diarrhea cause dehydration? Ans. Body intakes water and salt through drinks/food/fluid. Normally, it loses water and salt through stools/urine/sweat/breathing. When the bowel is healthy, water and salt pass from the bowel into the blood and when diarrhea occurs, the bowel doesn’t work normally. As a result of this, less water and salt pass into the blood, and more pass from the blood into the bowel. Thus, the amount of water and salt passed in the stools is greater than the normal.  Larger than normal loss of water and salt from the body results in dehydration. It usually occurs when the output of water and salt is greater than the input. Repeated vomiting, which often accompanies diarrhea can also contribute to dehydration. Q.4 Why is Diarrhea dangerous? Ans. Mainly due to diarrhea two main dangers, death and malnutrition occur. Death from acute diarrhea is most often caused by loss of a large amount of water and salt from the body, loss is called dehydration. Severe diarrhea with complications is most common in people with malnutrition and can also cause malnutrition and can make existing malnutrition worse because nutrients are continuously lost from the body and nutrients repair damaged tissue rather than for growth. Q.5 Why Diarrhoea has become a major cause of death in many countries? Ans. Diarrhea is a leading cause of death during complex emergencies and natural disasters. Displacement of populations into temporary, overcrowded shelters is often associated with polluted water sources, inadequate sanitation, poor hygiene practices, contaminated food, and malnutrition - all of which affect the spread and severity of diarrhea. At the same time, the lack of adequate health services and transport reduces the appropriate treatment of diarrhea cases which also considered a major issue in public health. Q.6 What is the importance of Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS) in children? Ans. A solution of oral rehydration solution salts (ORS) is a simple, inexpensive, and life-saving remedy that prevents dehydration among children with diarrhea. In a healthy child, the small intestines absorb water and electrolytes from the digestive tract so that these nutrient-rich fluids may be transported to other parts of the body through the bloodstream. In a sick child, diarrhea-causing pathogens damage the intestines- causing an excessive amount of water and electrolytes to be secreted rather than being absorbed. When the ORS solution reaches the small intestines, then the sodium (Na) and glucose in the mixture are transported together across the lining of the intestines, sodium, which is now in higher concentrations in the intestines, promotes water absorption back into the body from the gut. Q.7 What are the causing factors for Diarrhoea ( Atisara ) according to Ayurveda in general? Ans. By intake of too cold/unctuous/rough/heavy/coarse/hard things, irregular meals/intake of incompatible and unsuitable things/fasting/delayed meals/drinking defective wine and water/overdrinking/avoiding evacuation/irregular application/mismanagement of remedial measure/excessive exposure to fire, sun, wind & water, sleep/oversleep/suppression of urges/seasonal perversions, excessive fear/grief/mental agitation/, intestinal worms, phthisis, fever, piles, in a person having deranged agni all the three doshas get vitiated and damaged the agni and further reach the colon and cause atisara (=diarrhoea) with symptoms of all the doshas. Q.8 How Diarrhoea occurs according to Ayurveda? Ans. According to Ayurveda, Diarrhoea is commonly known as Atisara. It occurs due to intake of causing factors which results in agnimandya mainly jathragni due to which ama dosha (kapha) increases and vata prakopa occurs due to which strotodushti in poorishvaha and udakavaha occurs and increase of more loose or liquid stools comes out. Q.9 What is Traveler’s Diarrhoea? Ans. It is a digestive tract disorder that commonly causes loose stools and abdominal cramps. Mainly caused by eating contaminated food and water while travelling to different places. Common signs and symptoms include abrupt onset of passage of three/more stools in a day, urgency for defecation, cramps, nausea/vomiting/ fever can occur. Q.10 How Ayurveda treatment helps in managing Diarrhoea? Ans. Mainly Ayurveda principle works on the principle of Chikitsa sutra which includes proper treatment of ama dosha/ langhana/uses of stambhak aushadh/( deepana-pachana dravya ) use &treatment according to bhedanusara lakshana, & use of various ayurvedic formulations in shamana chikitsa helps in managing Diarrhoea acc. To Ayurveda. References 1. Longmore, Wilkinson, Davidson, Foulkes, Mafi, Oxford Handbook of Clinical Medicine 8th Edition 2. Kayachikitsa Volume-2 by Prof. Ajay Kumar Sharma (2017) 3. Charak Samhita, Chikitsa Sthana-ch-19 4. Madhava Nidana, Ch-3 5. Sushruta Samhita Uttaratantra, Ch-3 6. Ashtanga Hridaya, Nidana Sthana, Ch-8 7. Ashtanga Hridyaya, Chikitsa Sthana, Ch-9 8. J.Alastair Innes, Davidson’s Essential of Medicine 2nd edition  9. K Sembulingam, P Sembulingam, Essentials of Medical Physiology 6th Edition