Kabul- Afghanistan has reported 16 fresh Covid cases in the last 24 hours, pushing the country's tally to 55,680, said a Public Health Ministry statement here on Wednesday.
The statement also said that two patients died over the period, taking the number of Covid-related deaths to 2,438, since the outbreak of the pandemic in February last year, Xinhua reported.
A total of 119 patients have recovered over the past 24 hours, bringing the total number of recoveries to 49,086, the statement added. (IANS)
It is defined as inflammation of the mucous membrane lining in the nasal passage, presents as nasal congestion/sneezing/nasal and palatal itching/ rhinorrhea, and postnasal drainage and it include allergic, nonallergic, and infectious.
In Ayurveda, Rhinitis is generally categorized in kaphaja and raktaja pratishyaya which is based on signs and symptoms occur due to doshas.
Types of Rhinitis
1. Acute Rhinitis
2. Chronic Rhinitis
3. Hypertrophic Rhinitis
4. Allergic Rhinitis
5. Atrophic Rhinitis
6. Vasomotor Rhinitis
Acute Rhinitis can be viral/ bacterial. Commonly Rhinitis is known as Common cold (=coryza). Incubation period is generally lasts for 1 - 3 days.
Signs & Symptoms of Rhinitis
Burning sensation in the nasopharynx.
Rhinorrhoea.
Sneezing.
Nasal blockage
Shivering
Low-grade fever
Sneezing/ coughing/ runny nose.
Itching in eyes / nose/ mouth/ throat/skin.
Stuffy nose.
Headache
Sore throat.
Pressure in the nose & cheeks.
Watery/ red/ swollen eyes.
Dark circles under eyes.
Smelling trouble.
Hives.
When to see your Doctor for Rhinitis Disease?
When signs and symptoms like occur and persists for longer duration and when your allergies are causing symptoms such as chronic sinus infections/ nasal congestions/ difficulty breathing/ experience hay fever/ other allergy symptoms, then you should consult doctor.
Causes of Rhinitis
Recurrent nasal infection
Chronic sinusitis.
Allergen such as pollen & spores.
House dust mites.
Pet dander.
Inhalants
Climate/ air pollution.
Oversensitive immune system.
Work-related allergens.
Risk Factors of Rhinitis
Allergic diseases (asthma/ eczema)
Aeroaallergens
Obesity
Exposure to pets/ parental smoking
Parental rhinitis
Genetic predisposition
Traffic pollutants
Poor ventilation
Air pollutants
Immune deficient
High total serum (IgE)
Livestock breeders
Farmers
Veterinarians
Bakers
Diagnosis for Rhinitis
Is represented by sneezing/ nasal congestion/nasal pruritus/rhinorrhea.
When allergic disease is suspected=skin prick test can be performed for confirmation.
When skin testing is difficult to interpret / not feasible (ie, dermatographism), allergen-specific IgE serum testing based on the patient’s history can be useful for diagnosis.
Prevention & General Tips for Rhinitis
Avoid touching your head/rubbing eyes/ nose
Close windows in home/ car when pollen counts usually goes high.
Enclose pillows/ mattresses in separate dust mite covers.
Keep pets off couches / beds
Wash your hands after touching/playing with pets.
Wear a hat/sunglasses to protect eyes from pollen and dust.
Avoid allergen exposure.
Use HEPA filters( high efficiency particuate air) to reduce allergens in your home.
Probiotics may help improve symptoms of rhinitis.
Use of honey in dietary supplements
Spirulina diets
Use of vitamin-c to maintain histamine levels.
Use of some essential oils like peppermint/ eucalyptus, etc.
WHAT TO AVOID?
Day sleep
Cold drinks
Oily foods
Eliminate meat/ dairy products/ white flour foods/ sugar
Stop using nasal drops unnecessarily as they aggravate the condition by stopping the drainage & hardening the mucous.
Decongestants should be avoided as they can increase blood pressure too.
Avoid cold/ damp living/ working/ sleeping quarters.
Avoid smoking
Refined sugar
Avoid gluten food
Avoid chocolate/ cheese/congestion food
WHAT TO EAT?
Light diet
Ginger treated water for drinking.
Decoction prepared from Dashamula & Trikatu with honey can be taken.
Neti pot use found effective
Drink a lot of fluids to thin your mucus.
Drink lots of water cause a Good hydration helps keep the mucus thin and loose.
Vitamin c intake in your daily diet.
Question & Answers
Q.1 What is Hay Fever?
Ans. Hay fever, also known as allergic rhinitis, is an allergy-related inflammation of the nasal passages/ throat/ eye membranes usually caused by sensitivity to airborne pollens/molds/ some other reactions. It can have more adverse effect on a person with family history of allergies.
Q.2 What are the differences between acute and chronic rhinitis ?
Ans. Depending upon the duration with some signs and symptoms differences arise. Acute rhinitis usually lasts only for few days/ uopto 4 weeks with some signs and symptoms. But, in case of chronic rhinitis, duration lasts for more than 4 consecutive weeks with signs and symptoms.
Q.3 What is a Skin prick test?
Ans. It is the most common skin allergy test. Firstly, you will get a series of tiny drops of allergens on skin usually on back surface/ area. After that, you will get a quick needle prick in the skin underneath each drop. If you are allergic to it, the you will get a dime-sized hive that’s red and itchy at the needle prick site, if this happen then it is recommend to go for a follow-up to check the results.
Q.4 What is the role of histamine in rhinitis?
Ans. Histamine plays an important role in rhinitis more in allergic rhinitis. In susceptible individuals, allergen induces degranulation of mast cells of nasal & release of histamine into the nasal mucosa. It has been detected after some controlled challenges with allergen & when administered into the nasal cavity too. Histamine receptors demonstrated in the nasal mucosa.
Q.5 What are the differences betwesn sinusitis and rhinitis ?
Ans. Allergic rhinitis (=hay fever) happens when someone breathe to allergic substances/ allergens and it results in inflammation and swelling occur inside the nose. On the other side, sinusitis is an inflammation of the lining of sinuses which can be acute/chronic depend on the causes.
Q.6 What are the impact of allergic rhinitis ?
Ans. Impact of allergic rhinitis can influenced productivity, absent in work/school days / reduced activity/ comorbid diseases/ sinusitis/ asthma, etc.
Q.7 How allergens can cause allergic rhinitis ?
Ans. Antigen presenting cells, dendritic cells in the mucosal surdace, process allergens & some peptides from allergens on the major histocompatibility complex(MHC) class 2 molecule. The MHC & antigen complex take a role as the ligand of T-cell receptors on naive CD4+ T cells, results in differentiation of naive CD4+ T cells to allergen specific Th2 cell. Activated Th2 cells secret several cytokines, which induce isotype switching of B cells to produce specific IgE and proliferation of eosinophils, mast cells & neutrophils.Antigen produced IgE binds to high affinity IgE receptors on mast cells/ basophils usually.
Q.8 What is a pollen allergy ?
Ans. Pollen= is a very fine powder produced by trees/ flowers/ grasses/ weeds to fertilize other plants of the same species. In many people, pollen can cause adverse immune responses. People who get pollen allergies have immune system which identifies the harmless pollen as a dangerous intruder, and begins to produce chemicals to fight against the pollen causes allergy.It is known as allergic reaction,& the specific type of pollen that causes is known as an allergen. Reaction leads to numerous irritating symptoms, such as sneezing/ stuffy nose/ watery eyes, etc.
Q.9 What is Rhinitis according to Ayurveda concept?
Ans. In Ayurveda, Rhinitis is generally categorized in kaphaja and raktaja pratishyaya which is based on signs and symptoms occur due to doshas.
Q.10 How Ayurveda treatment works on Allergic Rhinitis?
Ans. Treatment is basically done on shamana and shodhana chiktsa with some classical formulations of laxmivillas rasa/godanti bhasma etc. by Ayurveda physician after examining the patient carefully.It is recommend that to consult doctor before taking any kind of medications.
REFERENCES :
1. Abhinava Shalakya Vigyan 2nd edition (2019) by Dr. Aparna Sharma, Nasa Roga.
2. Sushruta Samhita by Dr. Ambikadatta Shastri
3. Diseases of Ear, Nose and Throat & Head and Neck Surgery 6th edition by PL Dhingra and Shruti Dhingra.
4. Longmore, Wilkinson, Davidson, Foulkes, Mafi, Oxford Handbook of Clinical Medicine 8th Edition.
5. K Sembulingam, P Sembulingam, Essentials of Medical Physiology 6th Edition.
The 4th edition of the Global Ayurveda Festival (GAF 2021), to be held on the virtual platform from March 12 to 19 has evinced response far above expectations, superseding its previous episodes. The event will have “more than 10,000 participants from sixty nations converging on Ayurveda, the Global Ayurveda Festival 2021 will be a milestone in the academic, research, industrial and commercial sectors”, says V. Muraleedharan, Organizing Committee Chair of the Global Ayurveda Festival and Union Minister of State for External Affairs and Parliamentary Affairs. Of the 2000 scientific papers received for presentations, the organizing committee –due to time and technical constraints - had to restrict live presentations to 650, picking another 500 in posters with equal prominence.
Internationally acclaimed researches on Ayurveda, like Dr. Daniel E. Fost (Professor of Medicine, University of California) Dr Christian Kessler (Charity University, Germany) Robert Schneider (Maharshi International University, USA), Dr Antonella Delifev MD (University of Milan); Dr. Valdis Pirax (University of Latvia) Philip Moss (University of Vienna), Ph.D. Dr Morton Bode (University of Amsterdam); Susan Shaw (New Zealand Vocal University); And foreign experts such as Large Louis Bera (Argentina) will be sharing their research experiments with the audience, with special emphasis in the post-COVID scenario.
The approach and initiatives of the Government of India will be deliberated by key researches and policy makers of the nation that include: Dr. B. Dr. M. Headhey (Former President, Indian National Academy of Sciences); Vaidya Rajesh Kotecha (Central AYUSH Secretary), Dr. Bhushan Patwardhan (Vice Chairman- UGC); Manoj Nesari ,Dr. DC Catoch (Advisors to the Ministry of AYUSH), Dr. KS Dhiman (Director, CCRAS, New Delhi), Jayant Deo Pujari (President, CCIM ); Dr. Anoop B Thakur (Vice Chancellor, Gujarat Ayurveda University); Dr. Sanjeev Sharma (Director, NIA, Jaipur); Dr. Anoop Srivastava (Director, Rastriya Ayurveda Vidhyapith, Delhi), Dr. Tanuja Manoj Nesari (Director, AIIA, Delhi); Dr. J L N Shastri (CEO, NMPB, Delhi), Dr. MRV Namboothiri (Formerly DAME, Kerala), Ranjith Puranik (Mumbai), Dr. Mohammad Majeed (Sami Labs), Anand Chaudhary (Banaras University) and Abhimanyu Kumar (former Director, AIIA, New Delhi) will also present research papers at the festival. 'GAF 2021 will undoubtedly be the largest virtual conference on Ayurveda', says Dr. G.G. Gangadharan, Secretary General, CISSA. ‘The 8 days Ayurveda Fest will debate on the research potential and business opportunities and scope for exports of Ayurveda products and services for 12 hours each day,’ he said.
The Global Ayurveda Meet is organized in collaboration with more than 30 organizations in the country from the Central and State Private Sectors and 14 organizations from abroad, including Led by the Center for Innovation in Science and Social Action (CISSA), the Ayurveda Medical Association of India (AMAI), the Ayurveda Hospital Management Association, the Ayurveda Drugs Manufacturers Association, and the Kisma-Self Financing Management Association, and The Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industries (FICCI) is the industry partner of the festival.
Also, Read in Hindi► ग्लोबल आयुर्वेद फेस्टिवल 12 से 19 मार्च तक, 60 से अधिक देशों के विद्वान होंगे शामिल
चौथा ग्लोबल आयुर्वेद फेस्टिवल - Global Ayurveda Festival News in Hindi
दिल्लीः ग्लोबल आयुर्वेद फेस्टिवल (जीएएफ 2021) का आयोजन 12-19 मार्च तक होगा और इससे अब तक 100 से ज्यादा देशी-विदेशी वैज्ञानिक जुड़ चुके हैं, 1000 से ज्यादा शोध-पत्रों की प्राप्ति हुई है और 60 देशों से करीब 10,000 नुमाइंदे पंजीकृत हो चुके हैं। केंद्रीय विदेश राज्य मंत्री वी मुरलीधरन (V. Muraleedharan) ने यह तथ्य प्रस्तुत किया, जो इस महोत्सव की आयोजन समिति के अध्यक्ष भी हैं। गौरतलब है कि यह आयोजन आभासी माध्यम से चलेगा और इसके लिए औद्योगिक संगठन फिक्की के प्लेटफॉर्म का इस्तेमाल हो रहा है। आयुर्वेद और स्वास्थ्य विशेषज्ञों का मानना है कि यह आयोजन अकादमिक, शोध, उद्योग और कारोबारी क्षेत्र में मील का पत्थर साबित होगा।
इसमें अंततराष्ट्रीय स्तर पर ख्याति प्राप्त शोधकर्ता अपने शोध-आख्यान पेश करेंगे, जिसमें डॉ डेनियल ई फोस्ट (प्रोफेसर, मेडिसीन कैलिफोर्निया यूनिवर्सिटी), डॉ क्रिस्टिन केस्सलर (चैरिटी यूनिवर्सिटी, जर्मनी) रॉबर्ट शेनिडर (महर्षि इंटरनेशनल यूनिवर्सिटी, अमेरिका), डॉ एंटोनिला डेलिफेव (एमडी, मिलान यूनिवर्सिटी), हार्वर्ड यूनिवर्सिटी के संकाय-प्रमुख आदि हैं।
महोत्सव के महासचिव एवं रमैया इंडिक स्पैशलिटी आयुर्वेद के निदेशक आयुर्वेदाचार्य प्रोफेसर डॉ जी जी गंगाधरन ( Dr G.G. Gangadharan) ने बताया कि कोविड-19 को लेकर भारत सरकार के दृष्टिकोण और पहल को सामने रखने के लिए वैद्य राजेश कोटेचा (आयुष सचिव, भारत सरकार) डॉ भूषण पटवर्द्धन (वाइस चेयरमैन-यूजीसी), आयुष मंत्रालय की ओर से मनोज नेसरी, डी सी कटोच, डॉ धीमान और जयंत देव पुजारी और आयुर्वेद विश्वविद्यालयों के कुलपति एवं राष्ट्रीय औषध पादप बोर्ड के सीईओ जेएलएन शास्त्री अपने विचार रखेंगे।
ग्लोबल आयुर्वेद फेस्टिवल का लक्ष्य - Global Ayurveda Festival Objective in Hindi
चौथे ग्लोबल आयुर्वेद फेस्टिवल का लक्ष्य कोविड-19 के बाद की स्वास्थ्य-स्थितियों में आयुर्वेद का वैश्विक विकास और संवाद है। इससे देश-दुनिया के आयुर्वेदाचार्यों, वैद्यों, विद्वानों, चिकित्सकों और छात्रों को जोड़ा जा रहा है। इसके लिए आयुर्वेद के 14 संगठन एक साथ आए हैं। उन्होंने आगे बताया कि पहली बार वर्चुअल माध्यम से इतने बड़े सम्मेलन का आयोजन हो रहा है। पूरे आठ दिनों तक रोजाना 12 सेमिनारों का आयोजन होगा। देश-दुनिया की कंपनियां इस मंच पर आभासी-प्रदर्शनियां लगाएंगी। आयुर्वेदिक औषधियों के निर्माण से जुड़ी कंपनियों और अन्य हिस्सेदारों को इससे जोड़ने के लिए कई सारे कदम उठाए गए हैं, जैसे विदेशी निवेश, आयुर्वेद और औषधि-वनस्पतियों से जुड़े अनुसंधान और प्रौद्योगिकियां, मेडिकल पर्यटन, वगैरह। आयुर्वेद महाविद्यालयों और शोध संस्थानों के लिए विशेष पवेलियन की भी व्यवस्था की गई है। (प्रेस विज्ञप्ति)
Read in English ► Global Ayurveda Festival from 12 March, Scholars from more than 60 Countries will Attend
मिसकैरेज, यह एक ऐसा शब्द है जिसके बारे में लगभग सभी लोगो ने फिल्मो में या वास्तिक जीवन में सुना ही होगा। चिकित्सीय भाषा में इसे स्पॉन्टेनियस एबॉर्शन बोला जाता है। गर्भावस्था के २० सप्ताह पुरे होने के पहले ही अर्थात भ्रूण के पूर्ण रूप से विकसित होने से पहले ही गर्भावस्था का सहज ही समाप्त हो जाना ही मिसकैरेज कहलाता है। यह महिला को शारीरिक और मानसिक दोनों रूप से नुकसान देने वाला तथा दर्दनाक होता है।
प्रकार-
1. Threatened
2. Inevitable
3. Complete
4. Incomplete
5. Missed
आयुर्वेद के अनुसार मिसकैरेज - Miscarriage According to Ayurveda in Hindi
आयुर्वेद में मिसकैरेज का वर्णन गर्भस्राव नाम से आया है। चरक आदि सभी आचार्यो ने गर्भस्राव का वर्णन इस प्रकार किया है- गर्भावस्था के चौथे महिने तक अर्थात जब गर्भ द्रव रूप में होता है उस समय गर्भ के स्वस्थान से अलग होकर गिरने को गर्भस्राव कहते है।
मधुकोष व्याख्याकार भोज ने गर्भस्राव की मर्यादा तीन महिने तक मानी है।
मिसकैरेज के लक्षण
1. गर्भाशय , कटी (क़मर ), वंक्षण प्रदेश में दर्द होना।
2. योनि मार्ग से दर्द के साथ या बिना दर्द के रक्त स्राव होना।
3. मूत्र संग अर्थात मूत्र का रुक जाना।
चिकित्सीय परामर्श कब ले ? - When to Seek Medical Advice in Hindi?
वैसे तो मिसकैरेज होने का अंदेसा होने पर तुरंत या कुछ समय पश्चात ही डाक्टरी सलाह लेनी चाहिए परन्तु यदि मिसकैरेज होने पर आपको रक्त स्राव तथा दर्द होने से अलग यदि बुखार , ठण्ड लगाना , शरीर में कम्पन होना आदि लक्षण दिखाई दे तो तुरंत बिना देर किये हुए चिकित्सीय परामर्श लेना चाहिए क्योकि ये लक्षण शरीर में होने वाले इन्फेक्शन की ओर इशारा करते है और यदि समय रहते इन्फेक्शन सही न किया जाये तो आगे चलकर महिला को काफी परेशानियों का सामना करना पड सकता है।
मिसकैरेज के कारण - Causes of Miscarriage in Hindi
आधुनिक चिकित्सा शास्त्रियों के अनुसार ५० % मिसकैरेज आनुवंशिक कारणों से , १०-१५ % अन्तःश्रावी (एंडोक्राइन ) तथा चयापचय (मेटाबोलिक) कारणों जैसे - luteal phase defect(LPD), thyroid abnormalities like hypo or hyperthyroidism, diabetes से , १०-१५% ऐनाटॉमिकल विकृतियों जैसे सर्वाइकल इंकपेटेंस , congenital malformation of the uterus , uterine fibroid से , ५% rubella , Chlamydia जैसे इन्फेक्शन्स की वजह से तथा ५-१०% इम्युनोलॉजिकल डिसऑर्डर्स के कारण होते है।
आयुर्वेद के अनुसार मिसकैरेज के कारण - Causes of Miscarriage in Ayurveda in Hindi
1. महिला का पुत्रघ्नी , वामिनी , अप्रजा जैसे योनि विकारो से ग्रसित होना।
2. गर्भ धारण के पश्चात भी अधिक मात्रा में व्यायाम करना
3. विषम स्थान अर्थात उबड़ खाबड़ रास्तों से पैदल चलकर या गाड़ी से जाना।
4. अधिक मात्रा में गर्म भोज्य पर्दार्थो जैसे मांसाहार , कच्चे पपीते , गुड़ , अखरोट , बादाम आदि का सेवन करना। ५-मैथुन करना।
5. आये हुए मल मूत्र आदि के वेगो को रोकना ।
6. उपवास करना
7. गर्भाशय , रज तथा शुक्र में किसी प्रकार की विकृति होना
8. क्रोध
9. शोक
10. भय
मिसकैरेज के डायग्नोसिस - Diagnosis of Miscarriage in Hindi
1. सोनोग्राफी (टी . वी .एस )
2. यूरिन एनालिसिस
3. कम्पलीट ब्लड सेल काउंट (सी. बी. सी. )
मिसकैरेज से बचाव - Prevention of Miscarriage in Hindi
1. यदि आपको योनि मार्ग से सम्बंधित या फिर माहवारी से सम्बंधित कोई बीमारी हो तो पहले उसका उपचार कराये।
2. गर्भ धारण के पश्चात चिकित्सक द्वारा बताई बातों का पालन करे।
3. अधिक मात्रा में परिश्रम करना , गर्म चीजों का सेवन करना तथा ऐसे सभी कार्य जो गर्भ के स्राव का कारण
बनते है उनका परित्याग करना चाहिए।
प्रश्न उत्तर - Question & Answer in Hindi
प्रश्न- मिसकैरेज होने पर कितने समय तक शारीरिक सम्बन्ध नहीं बनाने चाहिए?
उत्तर- मिसकैरेज होने पर लगभग तीन से चार महीने तक सम्बन्ध नहीं बनाने चाहिए।
प्रश्न - मिसकैरेज होने के बाद दुबारा से माँ बनने की सम्भावना कितने % होती है ?
उत्तर- यदि मिसकैरेज के कारणों का पता लगा उनकी संपूर्ण चिकित्सा की जाये तथा मिसकैरेज होने के एक निश्चित समय बाद ही फिर से प्रेग्नेंट होने का सोचा जाये तो मिसकैरेज होने के बाद दुबारा से प्रेग्नेंट होने की सम्भावना ८५-९५% होती है।
प्रश्न- बार बार होने वाले मिसकैरेज का क्या कारण होता है?
उत्तर- बार बार मिसकैरेज होने के कई कारण हो सकते है जैसे किसी बीमारी (थाइरोइड , डायबिटीज आदि ) से ग्रसित होना , मोटापा आदि।
प्रश्न- मिसकैरेज के केस में आयुर्वेद उपचार कितना कारगर है ?
उत्तर- मिसकैरेज अर्थात बार बार गर्भास्राव होने पर आयुर्वेद में संशोधन चिकित्सा कर के द्वारा तथा गर्भस्राव होने के कारण का पता लगा उसको जड़ से खत्म किया जाता है। अतः मिसकैरेज के केस में आयुर्वेद का उपचार काफी कारगर है।
Diarrhoea is the passage of three/ more loose/ liquid stools per day/more frequently than normal for an individual. From the clinical point of view, diarrhea means increased stool water, and this increases stool frequency and the passage of liquid stool.
Diarrhea in Ayurveda
According to Ayurveda, Diarrhoea is commonly known as Atisara. It occurs due to intake of causing factors which results in agnimandya mainly jathragni due to which ama dosha (Kapha) increases and vata prakopa occurs due to which strotodushti in poorishvaha and udakavaha occurs and increase of more loose or liquid stools comes out.
Types of Atisara - a/c to Acharya Charak
Vataja
Pittaja
Kaphaja
Sannipataja
Aagantuka
Symptoms of Diarrhea
Loose/watery stool
Abdominal cramps
Fever
Abdominal pain
Blood/ mucus in the stool
Abdominal bloating
Nausea
Frequent bowel movements
When to See Your Doctor for Diarrhoea Disease?
When diarrhea persists beyond a few days and the body starts dehydrating with severe abdominal/ rectal pain/bloody/black stools/weight loss/fever above 102 degrees F, then you should consult the doctor immediately.
Causes of Diarrhea
Food intolerance/lactose intolerance
Food allergy
Contaminated water
Adverse reaction to a medication
Viral/ bacterial infection
Intestinal disease
Parasitic infection
Gallbladder/stomach surgery
Childhood cause - Rotavirus
Bacterial infection - salmonella/E.coli
Food poisoning
Stress/indigestion due to mal-absorption
Acc. To Ayurveda- ajirnashana, adhyashana, ati-drava, ati ruksha ahara, dushita anna, etc.
Prevention of Diarrhoea
Safe drinking water
Improved sanitation
Hand washes with antiseptic soap/solutions
Good personal hygiene/food hygiene
Health education about the spread of infections
Vaccinations
Use of ORS (Oral Rehydration Solution)
Nutrient-rich foods in case of malnutrition
Consult a doctor in case of persistent diarrhea
Diagnosis of Diarrhoea
Physical examination of the abdomen
Some general questions for the diagnosis will ask by the doctor like current medications/past medical history/family history/travel history/any other medical conditions
Signs of dehydration
Tests for diarrhoea include-CBC/liver function test/tests for malabsorption/ ESR/C-reactive protein/antibodies test/stool tests
Colonoscopy
X-Ray/CT- scan- to rule out structural abnormalities associated
General Tips
Drink clear liquids - water/broth/fruit juice
Stay hydrated
Replenishing water loss is important
Avoid milk, it can make diarrhea worsen
Intake of ORS ( Oral Rehydration Solution)/Electrolytes fluid
Consume (Sugar+salt+water )
BRAT diet -( banana/ rice/applesauce/toast) can be taken
Avoid junk foods/alcoholic beverages
Chamomile tea
Avoid strenuous exercises
What to Avoid?
Heavy/hard/cold/hot/spicy and oily foods
Avoid milk
Fatty/fried foods
Raw fruits and vegetables
Spicy foods
Beans/cabbage
Caffeinated drinks
Alcoholic beverages
Avoid junk foods
Avoid strenuous exercises
Excessive workouts
High-fat foods
Greasy foods/spicy foods
Artificial sweeteners/high levels of fructose foods
What to Eat?
Vilepi ( rice gruel), laaja manda, rice washed water ( avoid contamination with pesticides)
Rice+curd/rice + buttermilk
Masoor/ aadhaki yoosha
Coconut water frequent drinking
Deepana and laghu guna diets
Pectin rich foods such as fruit
Electrolytes food- miso-soup, sports drinks
Cooked/ soft vegetables
Taking probiotics
Chamomile tea
BRAT( banana/rice/applesauce/toast) diet
Drink plenty of fluids to avoid dehydration
Question & Answer
Q.1 How much serious is Diarrhoea disease in children?
Ans. Diarrhoeal disease is the second leading cause of death in children under 5 years, also kills around 525000 children under five. Globally, there are nearly 1.7 billion cases of childhood diarrhoeal disease every year according to data collected.
Q.2 What are the different types of Diarrhoea?
Ans. Different types of Diarrhoea include -
1) On the basis of duration:- Acute Diarrhoea, Chronic Diarrhoea.
2) On the basis of clinical presentation:- Acute watery diarrhea, Acute Bloody Diarrhoea.
3) On the basis of Physiology:- secretory diarrhea, osmotic diarrhea, exudative diarrhea, motility related, inflammatory diarrhea.
Q.3 How does Diarrhea cause dehydration?
Ans. Body intakes water and salt through drinks/food/fluid. Normally, it loses water and salt through stools/urine/sweat/breathing. When the bowel is healthy, water and salt pass from the bowel into the blood and when diarrhea occurs, the bowel doesn’t work normally. As a result of this, less water and salt pass into the blood, and more pass from the blood into the bowel. Thus, the amount of water and salt passed in the stools is greater than the normal.
Larger than normal loss of water and salt from the body results in dehydration. It usually occurs when the output of water and salt is greater than the input. Repeated vomiting, which often accompanies diarrhea can also contribute to dehydration.
Q.4 Why is Diarrhea dangerous?
Ans. Mainly due to diarrhea two main dangers, death and malnutrition occur. Death from acute diarrhea is most often caused by loss of a large amount of water and salt from the body, loss is called dehydration. Severe diarrhea with complications is most common in people with malnutrition and can also cause malnutrition and can make existing malnutrition worse because nutrients are continuously lost from the body and nutrients repair damaged tissue rather than for growth.
Q.5 Why Diarrhoea has become a major cause of death in many countries?
Ans. Diarrhea is a leading cause of death during complex emergencies and natural disasters. Displacement of populations into temporary, overcrowded shelters is often associated with polluted water sources, inadequate sanitation, poor hygiene practices, contaminated food, and malnutrition - all of which affect the spread and severity of diarrhea. At the same time, the lack of adequate health services and transport reduces the appropriate treatment of diarrhea cases which also considered a major issue in public health.
Q.6 What is the importance of Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS) in children?
Ans. A solution of oral rehydration solution salts (ORS) is a simple, inexpensive, and life-saving remedy that prevents dehydration among children with diarrhea. In a healthy child, the small intestines absorb water and electrolytes from the digestive tract so that these nutrient-rich fluids may be transported to other parts of the body through the bloodstream.
In a sick child, diarrhea-causing pathogens damage the intestines- causing an excessive amount of water and electrolytes to be secreted rather than being absorbed. When the ORS solution reaches the small intestines, then the sodium (Na) and glucose in the mixture are transported together across the lining of the intestines, sodium, which is now in higher concentrations in the intestines, promotes water absorption back into the body from the gut.
Q.7 What are the causing factors for Diarrhoea ( Atisara ) according to Ayurveda in general?
Ans. By intake of too cold/unctuous/rough/heavy/coarse/hard things, irregular meals/intake of incompatible and unsuitable things/fasting/delayed meals/drinking defective wine and water/overdrinking/avoiding evacuation/irregular application/mismanagement of remedial measure/excessive exposure to fire, sun, wind & water, sleep/oversleep/suppression of urges/seasonal perversions, excessive fear/grief/mental agitation/, intestinal worms, phthisis, fever, piles, in a person having deranged agni all the three doshas get vitiated and damaged the agni and further reach the colon and cause atisara (=diarrhoea) with symptoms of all the doshas.
Q.8 How Diarrhoea occurs according to Ayurveda?
Ans. According to Ayurveda, Diarrhoea is commonly known as Atisara. It occurs due to intake of causing factors which results in agnimandya mainly jathragni due to which ama dosha (kapha) increases and vata prakopa occurs due to which strotodushti in poorishvaha and udakavaha occurs and increase of more loose or liquid stools comes out.
Q.9 What is Traveler’s Diarrhoea?
Ans. It is a digestive tract disorder that commonly causes loose stools and abdominal cramps. Mainly caused by eating contaminated food and water while travelling to different places. Common signs and symptoms include abrupt onset of passage of three/more stools in a day, urgency for defecation, cramps, nausea/vomiting/ fever can occur.
Q.10 How Ayurveda treatment helps in managing Diarrhoea?
Ans. Mainly Ayurveda principle works on the principle of Chikitsa sutra which includes proper treatment of ama dosha/ langhana/uses of stambhak aushadh/( deepana-pachana dravya ) use &treatment according to bhedanusara lakshana, & use of various ayurvedic formulations in shamana chikitsa helps in managing Diarrhoea acc. To Ayurveda.
References
1. Longmore, Wilkinson, Davidson, Foulkes, Mafi, Oxford Handbook of Clinical Medicine 8th Edition
2. Kayachikitsa Volume-2 by Prof. Ajay Kumar Sharma (2017)
3. Charak Samhita, Chikitsa Sthana-ch-19
4. Madhava Nidana, Ch-3
5. Sushruta Samhita Uttaratantra, Ch-3
6. Ashtanga Hridaya, Nidana Sthana, Ch-8
7. Ashtanga Hridyaya, Chikitsa Sthana, Ch-9
8. J.Alastair Innes, Davidson’s Essential of Medicine 2nd edition
9. K Sembulingam, P Sembulingam, Essentials of Medical Physiology 6th Edition